What this checkup can—and cannot—tell you
The arithmetic check answers a factual question: do the taxes and deductions you entered reconcile gross pay to the reported net amount? A non-zero gap usually means a paystub line was omitted, entered as a year-to-date value, or grouped differently by the employer.
The model comparison answers a different question: are the major tax lines reasonably close to a standardized estimate using the selected state, filing status, and pay frequency? It is a diagnostic starting point, not proof that payroll is right or wrong. Form W-4 elections, state withholding certificates, year-to-date wage limits, local taxes, taxable fringe benefits, imputed income, special wage treatment, and employer rounding can all create legitimate differences.
How to investigate a difference
- Confirm that every amount came from the current-pay-period column, not the year-to-date column.
- Check whether gross pay includes taxable benefits, bonus pay, overtime, commissions, or imputed income.
- Compare the federal line with your current Form W-4 filing status, multiple-jobs selection, credits, other income, deductions, and extra withholding.
- Review state and local withholding elections separately; they do not necessarily mirror the federal W-4.
- Ask payroll to identify any remaining deduction or taxable-wage adjustment rather than emailing a complete paystub.
Official references
- IRS Publication 15-T (2026) provides the federal income-tax withholding methods used by employers.
- IRS Topic 751 explains employee Social Security and Medicare withholding rates.
- IRS Tax Withholding Estimator is the authoritative next step for a full-year federal W-4 review.
- PayStubIQ methodology documents the formulas, state-model limitations, and update policy used here.